一些光伏企業被收購了，一些光伏企業正在被收購；一些光伏企業消失了，一些光伏企業正在消失。優勝劣汰，物競天擇，這是一個基本生存規律。光伏產業的上游多晶硅市場價格高企，大家賺得(de)盆(pen)滿缽滿，但是光(guang)伏產(chan)業鏈硅片環節白熱化競爭(zheng)已(yi)進行了七八年，硅片寡頭已(yi)然浮出水面，這些(xie)寡頭都是誰(shui)？都有(you)哪些(xie)優勢？誰(shui)還(huan)能(neng)爭(zheng)得(de)一席之地呢？

　　一、單晶硅片:雙寡頭隆基、中環

　　單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)洗牌早(zao)在2012年就(jiu)開(kai)始了(le)，當時一般的(de)(de)(de)(de)硅(gui)(gui)片(pian)(pian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)都有單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)片(pian)(pian)和(he)多晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)片(pian)(pian)兩(liang)種產(chan)(chan)品，如賽(sai)維、韓華硅(gui)(gui)片(pian)(pian)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)部、晶(jing)(jing)(jing)科、紅太陽等(deng)，2012年由于硅(gui)(gui)片(pian)(pian)價(jia)格下跌厲害，中(zhong)(zhong)東部的(de)(de)(de)(de)單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)片(pian)(pian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)虧損嚴重(zhong)，不(bu)得已(yi)這些硅(gui)(gui)片(pian)(pian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)都停了(le)單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，只生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)多晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)片(pian)(pian)。而(er)(er)隆(long)基(ji)、中(zhong)(zhong)環是這一輪洗牌中(zhong)(zhong)碩果僅存(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)家。隆(long)基(ji)、中(zhong)(zhong)環為什么能生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)下來(lai)，除(chu)了(le)隆(long)基(ji)、中(zhong)(zhong)環專注(zhu)單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)，技術領(ling)先之外(wai)，與他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)戰略轉移也有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系。隆(long)基(ji)早(zao)在2006年就(jiu)將耗能大的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)環節拉(la)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)放在電(dian)費便宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)寧(ning)夏，而(er)(er)中(zhong)(zhong)環則在2009年將拉(la)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)放在電(dian)費便宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)蒙古(gu)呼和(he)浩特。因(yin)此，在2012年那一輪的(de)(de)(de)(de)單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)洗牌中(zhong)(zhong)，隆(long)基(ji)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)環生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)(cun)了(le)下來(lai)。這也是中(zhong)(zhong)國光伏產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大幸！

　　如今單(dan)晶卷土重來，隆基、中環憑借技術優(you)勢(shi)、成本優(you)勢(shi)、先行優(you)勢(shi)，成為毋庸(yong)置疑的(de)單(dan)晶硅片(pian)雙(shuang)寡頭(tou)。預(yu)計明(ming)年(nian)8月份，隆基股份最(zui)后一間工廠(chang)建設完畢，隆基產能(neng)將達到(dao)25吉(ji)瓦，中環股明(ming)年(nian)三季(ji)度的(de)產能(neng)預(yu)計將會達到(dao)23吉(ji)瓦！

　　二、多晶硅片：賽維掉下神壇，協鑫接過大旗

　　2010年(nian)(nian)以前，賽維是多晶(jing)硅(gui)(gui)片龍頭企(qi)業，由于(yu)決(jue)策失(shi)誤，賽維在2010年(nian)(nian)將(jiang)多晶(jing)硅(gui)(gui)片龍頭老(lao)大(da)的交(jiao)椅拱手(shou)讓給協(xie)(xie)鑫。協(xie)(xie)鑫再(zai)接再(zai)厲，截止目前，協(xie)(xie)鑫G6和G7的鑄(zhu)錠(ding)爐(lu)超過(guo)一千臺，多晶(jing)硅(gui)(gui)片產能超過(guo)25GW。

　　協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)不(bu)僅是多晶(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)片(pian)龍(long)頭老大，在單(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)片(pian)端(duan)也(ye)有(you)大手(shou)筆(bi)。2015年5月6日，總投(tou)資150億元的(de)協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)集團10GW高效單(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)項目(mu)落地中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)衛，目(mu)前已建(jian)成2GW的(de)單(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)片(pian)，但(dan)是進(jin)展不(bu)如預期。為(wei)了進(jin)一步鞏固協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)在硅(gui)(gui)(gui)片(pian)端(duan)的(de)龍(long)頭老大地位，協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)選擇與(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)在多晶(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)料(liao)、單(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)片(pian)展開合作。10月23日，深(shen)交所(suo)上(shang)市公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)天津中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)半導體股份有(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)（以(yi)下(xia)(xia)簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)股份）發(fa)(fa)布公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)告，為(wei)滿足公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)戰略發(fa)(fa)展規劃和戰略合作伙伴的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)股份及全(quan)資子公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)內蒙(meng)古中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)材料(liao)有(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)（以(yi)下(xia)(xia)簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)）擬與(yu)蘇州(zhou)協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)科技發(fa)(fa)展有(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)（以(yi)下(xia)(xia)簡稱蘇州(zhou)協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)）共同投(tou)資1000萬元人(ren)民幣組建(jian)內蒙(meng)古中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)材料(liao)有(you)限(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)（以(yi)下(xia)(xia)簡稱中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)）。蘇州(zhou)協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)系保利協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)旗下(xia)(xia)子公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)。根據(ju)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)告，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)持(chi)股比(bi)例15%；中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)環(huan)持(chi)股比(bi)例55%；蘇州(zhou)協(xie)(xie)(xie)鑫(xin)持(chi)股比(bi)例30%。經營范圍(wei)包括太陽能硅(gui)(gui)(gui)棒（錠）和硅(gui)(gui)(gui)片(pian)及相關產(chan)品的(de)制造、銷售和技術(shu)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)及技術(shu)服務，單(dan)(dan)晶(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)、多晶(jing)(jing)硅(gui)(gui)(gui)材料(liao)來料(liao)加工，房(fang)屋租賃等，以(yi)登記機關核準為(wei)準。

　　三、誰能成為多晶硅片另一寡頭？

　　江湖傳言，任何一個行業，發展(zhan)到最后(hou)只有(you)老(lao)(lao)(lao)大(da)和(he)老(lao)(lao)(lao)二(er)，沒有(you)老(lao)(lao)(lao)三和(he)老(lao)(lao)(lao)四。單晶硅片(pian)老(lao)(lao)(lao)大(da)和(he)老(lao)(lao)(lao)二(er)已經浮出水面，多晶硅片(pian)端(duan)協(xie)鑫(xin)是(shi)毋庸置疑的龍(long)頭老(lao)(lao)(lao)大(da)，那么(me)多晶硅片(pian)的老(lao)(lao)(lao)二(er)會是(shi)誰呢？

　　2010年(nian)之后，賽維(wei)將(jiang)(jiang)多(duo)(duo)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅片(pian)(pian)老(lao)大(da)拱手(shou)相讓給協鑫之后，成(cheng)(cheng)為多(duo)(duo)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅片(pian)(pian)端(duan)的(de)老(lao)二(er)，2013年(nian)又將(jiang)(jiang)多(duo)(duo)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅片(pian)(pian)老(lao)二(er)的(de)位置(zhi)也拱手(shou)相讓。誰(shui)將(jiang)(jiang)成(cheng)(cheng)為多(duo)(duo)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅片(pian)(pian)老(lao)二(er)呢？從目(mu)前態勢來看(kan)，榮德、晶(jing)(jing)(jing)科(ke)、晶(jing)(jing)(jing)澳、英利、天合、昱輝、賽維(wei)、大(da)海、紅太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)等都是強有力的(de)競爭者(zhe)。更值(zhi)得一(yi)提(ti)的(de)是，2017年(nian)多(duo)(duo)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅片(pian)(pian)受到(dao)單晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅片(pian)(pian)的(de)擠壓，即便在(zai)此等狀(zhuang)況(kuang)下，榮德卻在(zai)揚州逆(ni)勢擴(kuo)產3GW多(duo)(duo)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅片(pian)(pian)，中(zhong)電科(ke)在(zai)太(tai)(tai)原逆(ni)勢擴(kuo)產2GW多(duo)(duo)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅片(pian)(pian)。那么誰(shui)能成(cheng)(cheng)為另一(yi)個多(duo)(duo)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)硅片(pian)(pian)寡頭呢？