申請號:201710703544.8

申請日:2017.08.16

國(guo)家(jia)/省市:中國(guo)哈爾濱(bin)(93)

公開號:107253102A

公開日:2017.10.17

主(zhu)分類號(hao):B24B 1/00(2006.01)

授權公告號:授權公告日:

分類號:B24B 1/00(2006.01); B24B 35/00(2006.01)

申請人:哈爾濱工業大學

發明人:陳明(ming)君; 王廷章(zhang); 劉赫男; 程(cheng)健; 吳春亞(ya); 于波; 方針

代理人:高倩

代理(li)機構:哈爾濱市松花江專利商標事(shi)務所(23109)

申請人地(di)址:黑龍江省哈(ha)爾(er)濱(bin)市南(nan)崗區西大(da)直街(jie)92號

摘要： 本發明提供一種降低因二次裝夾所帶來的裝夾誤差，保證工件加工的面形精度及球頭砂輪桿與工件間不會相互干涉的異形薄壁復雜結構工件的超精密磨削加工方法，涉及一種加工工藝。本發明首先要獲得工件在精密加工后的準確尺寸，然后裝夾工件內桿的前端以互為基準的方式對工件裝夾部位進行超精密磨削；安裝超精密磨削用的細微粒金屬基金剛石球(qiu)頭(tou)砂(sha)輪，并(bing)(bing)將球(qiu)頭(tou)砂(sha)輪的(de)(de)(de)球(qiu)心調整到(dao)精(jing)密轉臺的(de)(de)(de)旋轉軸線上。通過彈簧夾頭(tou)將工(gong)(gong)(gong)件安裝(zhuang)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)件主軸上，在(zai)安裝(zhuang)過程中要保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)徑向跳動量小于5μm。采用CCD對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)系統對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件進(jin)行對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)，并(bing)(bing)獲得加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)原點，以(yi)保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)件加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后具有較高的(de)(de)(de)面形(xing)精(jing)度。規劃球(qiu)頭(tou)砂(sha)輪的(de)(de)(de)運動軌跡實現(xian)異型薄壁復雜(za)結構件的(de)(de)(de)超精(jing)密磨削加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。

主權利要求

一種異形薄(bo)壁(bi)復雜(za)結(jie)構(gou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)精密(mi)(mi)(mi)磨(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法(fa)，所述方(fang)法(fa)基于超(chao)精密(mi)(mi)(mi)磨(mo)削(xue)用(yong)機(ji)床(chuang)實現，所述機(ji)床(chuang)包括(kuo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、C軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)轉臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、位移(yi)(yi)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、U軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)定(ding)位平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、X軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、Y軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、Z軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、球(qiu)(qiu)頭(tou)(tou)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)、砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)和CCD對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)系統；工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)和CCD對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)系統相對(dui)(dui)設置在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)線方(fang)向(xiang)為(wei)X軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)方(fang)向(xiang)；異形薄(bo)壁(bi)復雜(za)結(jie)構(gou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內桿(gan)(gan)前端(duan)(duan)或(huo)外桿(gan)(gan)后(hou)端(duan)(duan)安裝在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)；球(qiu)(qiu)頭(tou)(tou)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)安裝在(zai)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)；C軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)轉臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)端(duan)(duan)與(yu)位移(yi)(yi)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)連(lian)接，U軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)定(ding)位平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)端(duan)(duan)安裝在(zai)位移(yi)(yi)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，U軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)定(ding)位平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)端(duan)(duan)與(yu)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)中段固定(ding)連(lian)接，砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)呈傾(qing)斜狀(zhuang)，以實現砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)夾持(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)球(qiu)(qiu)頭(tou)(tou)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)磨(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)；X軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)和Y軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)通(tong)過“十字(zi)”堆(dui)疊形式安裝在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，用(yong)于控制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)在(zai)X軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)方(fang)向(xiang)和Y軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)方(fang)向(xiang)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)；Z軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，用(yong)于帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)C軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)轉臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，進(jin)而帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)；球(qiu)(qiu)頭(tou)(tou)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)半徑(jing)小于4mm；其(qi)特(te)征在(zai)于，所述方(fang)法(fa)包括(kuo)如(ru)下(xia)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)：步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)一：測量工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)精密(mi)(mi)(mi)磨(mo)削(xue)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸參(can)(can)數和球(qiu)(qiu)頭(tou)(tou)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)半徑(jing)尺寸參(can)(can)數；步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)二(er)：通(tong)過工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彈簧夾頭(tou)(tou)夾持(chi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)內桿(gan)(gan)前端(duan)(duan)，并以互為(wei)基準的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式利(li)用(yong)所述機(ji)床(chuang)對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)外桿(gan)(gan)后(hou)端(duan)(duan)進(jin)行(xing)超(chao)精密(mi)(mi)(mi)磨(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)；步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)三：通(tong)過U軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)定(ding)位平(ping)(ping)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)將球(qiu)(qiu)頭(tou)(tou)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)球(qiu)(qiu)心調整(zheng)到C軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)轉臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)轉軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)線上(shang)(shang)(shang)；步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)四：將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)從工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)拆卸下(xia)來，利(li)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彈簧夾頭(tou)(tou)夾持(chi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)外桿(gan)(gan)后(hou)端(duan)(duan)；步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)五(wu)：利(li)用(yong)CCD對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)系統對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)；步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)六：根(gen)據(ju)步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)一測量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸參(can)(can)數規(gui)劃(hua)球(qiu)(qiu)頭(tou)(tou)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)軌跡(ji)和相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)C軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)轉臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)旋(xuan)轉角(jiao)度；步(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)驟(zou)(zou)(zou)七(qi)：根(gen)據(ju)規(gui)劃(hua)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)球(qiu)(qiu)頭(tou)(tou)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)軌跡(ji)和砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)桿(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空間角(jiao)度，對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)超(chao)精密(mi)(mi)(mi)磨(mo)削(xue)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，且在(zai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)外球(qiu)(qiu)殼前改變(bian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)轉方(fang)向(xiang)，獲得盡可能大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相對(dui)(dui)磨(mo)削(xue)線速度。